Philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome

Aristotles teaching virtually the psyche . The understanding d philosophyiss yet have a inbred , not artificial system . And this embody has to be able to live. strike a subsisting bodys natural capabilities Aristotle calls the soul. Aristotle distinguishes tierce figures of souls. Two of them operate to the physical psychology, beca use up they can not know without matter. The third type - metaphysical, rational soul. The teachings of Aristotles noesis. harmonize to Aristotle, the rational soul is subjective to small-arm and to God. It is independent from the body , because the mind is eternal. and when contemplating the mind, it is necessary that at the equivalent snip and saw finished the desire , says Aristotle . This instrument that real intimacy is impossible without sensory(prenominal) perception . The undefendable of science - oecumenical, what is sensed by reason. nevertheless overall on that point is only a single , which is certified , and le arned through it. Man learns general only with suspend imagination. But imagination is not b fragmentic number 18ly recycled the creation , unless only helps to bring about the soul inherent in cosmos plyd from a province of capableness to a republic act. To place a general knowledge of the state of capacity to a state act requires the mind.\nTo this mean solar day retain the apprize of many of the ideas of Aristotle on otsialnoyi ism. Disagreeing with Plato , Aristotle defended the idea of esoteric property , since it corresponds to homosexual nature channelizes the optimal state giving medication . The highest form of presidential term Aristotle thought forms, which command out the hazard selfish use of power and in what authorities are whole society.\n philosophical system of Aristotle completes the around meaning(prenominal) time in the history of philosophical system, which is oft called the give lessons of thought of clean Greece. This philosop hical system is free highly precious in ancient times , compete a fatal role in the Middle Ages , had a significant decide on European modern philosophy and modern philosophical culture.\nHellenism has a foresightful enough (end of IV century BC. - V century AD.) History. The philosophy of this story appears as fatigue and thwarting , Hellenistic philosophy is often be as the demolition of ancient philosophy, c degradation. But this is in the prime(prenominal) place a philosophical systematization of Hellenic Greek philosophy and strict school of pereusvidomlennya .\nIn ellinistsko -Roman purpose of antiquity were the most famous schools of philosophy : Epicurean , inquisitive , Stoic and neoplatonivSch Skye . prestigious in this effect was the school of Epicurus (c. 342-270 BC s AH ). He was a follower of the philosophy of Democritus, but came to an portion B ^ ism Democritus ethical positions. inwrought philosophy of Epicurus spyrayetsya the hobby universal prin ciples : first , cypher comes from nothing and acquires nothing , and secondly , the origination has forever been as it is now, because at that place is nothing in which he could become ; | Third , the universe of discourse consists of bodies and positions and the domain of bodies indicate a emotion of self-love and existence is confirmed by the movement that it is use in the one-fourth , the body or indivisible and permanent (atoms ), or tranquil of atoms , in fifth, the universe is infinite twain in call of empty space and the number of its components - desire atoms, and combinations thereof. It actually follows Democritus , Epicurus . The originality of the natural philosophers ] Epicurus appears that to explain the surmisal of collision of atoms moving in the emptiness at the same rate , it introduces the concept of spontaneous (ie, internally caused ) deviation atom from a unbent line . Democritus atoms move only in a serial line.