Phylogenics

Introduction Phylogenetic systematics, or cladistics, gives us a rule to discover the history of life. It is based on the idea that evince of the close recent common root of taxa can be hypothesized in the novel characteristics that they share. Novel characters in a chasten of taxa aim that they may share a common ancestor non shared by taxa that lack that novelty. Characters are also do it as shared derived characters that are indicative of phylogenetic relationships. some(prenominal) character is an evolutionary novelty in the history of life. The about(prenominal) ripe approach to classification and the application of names, taxonomy, depends on phylogenetic systematics. The largest phylum at bottom the kingdom Animalia is the Arthropods. Phylum Arthropoda includes over 1,000,000 species, which makes it the most biologically successful group of animals (Crawley, 2009). Arthropods are obviously a rattling diverse group of taxa. The systematic re lationships of groups of arthropods is still non fully understand because of the size and diversity of the phylum (Myers, 2001). In the Greek language, arthron instrument junction, and podos means foot, so the devise Arthropoda means jointed feet or jointed appendages. Arthropods stool many contrary characteristics that set them apart from most new(prenominal) phyla.

They have bilateral residual and a segmented trunk divided into functional groups called tagmata. The tagmata includes the head up and trunk; the head, thorax, and abdomen; or cephalothorax and abdomen. Ancestrally, they have one tally of jointed appendages to each remains! segment. The appendages have been modified for specialized functions. Arthropods also have a versatile exoskeleton. This exoskeleton is called the casing, and it is highly defensive without sacrificing the animals mobility. The cuticle is the outmostmost covering, which is secreted by the epidermis. In fix to grow, an arthropod sheds its outer covering and grows a larger one. This branch is...If you want to total a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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